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Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) lesion is an aggressive form of tooth destruction that usually begins immediately below the epithelial attachment. It has been described as a purely inflammatory reaction that can be started by microorganisms infection. The potential etiologic and predisposing factors for ICR are orthodontic treatment, traumatic injuries, bleaching, periodontal therapy, and idiopathic factors. This case series shows that Class 2 ICR lesions have a good prognosis in 100% of cases. Class 3 ICR lesions should be considered as a risk. However, in the author's experience, the treatment of Class 3 ICR lesions is compatible with tooth maintenance.

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For financial reasons, patients and dentists are often forced to use restorative materials when treating major structural, functional, and aesthetic defects. The case presented here illustrates how, with the aid of an innovative, organically modified ceramic composite with extremely low shrinkage stress and volumetric shrinkage, a substance-sustaining restoration can be placed.

The fourth stage of the industrial revolution complements the treatment possibilities and options in dentistry almost in yearly intervals. Digital processes, information transfer over the internet and outsourcing of working processes are visible and increase efficiency in many areas. There have also been major changes in the last decades, particularly with regards to the application and processing of new materials. The advantages and disadvantages and workflow of fully anatomical, milled zirconia restorations will be discussed in this article.

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Achieving a functional esthetic restoration using a state-of-the-art treatment method is the overriding objective of any dental treatment. The case described here shows that healthy tooth structure can be protected and preserved by using minimally invasive technology, satisfying both the preferences of the patient and the requirements of the dentist. On balance, superior restorative outcomes can be accomplished.

Different studies have shown that the decrease in caries in industrialized countries in recent decades is based on the use of fluorides, with topical fluoride application being of primary importance, especially the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste. The following article presents the current status of research into the mechanism of action and reaction of fluorides. Reference is made to the latest systematic review articles and guidelines on the subjects of "Caries-reducing efficacy" and "Recommendations for fluoride use".

Although PMMA has for decades proven itself as a denture base material, there has been a continual search for other solutions. The concern was with reducing residual monomer and finding chemical alternatives for the few true allergy sufferers and the many monomer-phobics. Semicrystalline polymers then offered the possibility to fabricate acrylic brackets which, in turn, provided a true alternative for metallophobics and allergy sufferers, as well as those with high aesthetic expectations. The elasticity of some of these acrylics also provides treatment with removable dentures for patients of microstomia. The ancient theorem that "noticeably elastic denture bases would lead to increased jawbone resorption" has not yet been proved, but there are indications that the opposite could be true.

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