A purely mucosa-borne temporary restoration for the duration of the implant healing period is full of compromises for the patient, especially in the edentulous jaw. The patient, in particular, therefore profits from immediate-loading treatment, provided the implants are not subjected to any additional risk by immediate loading, which would outweigh the advantages of this type of treatment. Since studies about immediately loaded implants in the edentulous mandible were published over 30 years ago, numerous articles have been published, particularly in the past ten years, on immediate loading with different indications that occasionally produced surprisingly good results. Modern implant geometries as well as refined surgical techniques should increase the primary stability and optimised implant surfaces should improve bone regeneration. The objective is to extend the indication range of immediate loading.